If I Could Go Back in Time Essay

If I Was Given One Day in the Past to Change I could never understand the fascination which many people express when they talk about traveling in time. The desire of going into future seemed strange: what for, if I will get there in any case? The idea of going back was rather boring, as I have never been keen on history and the perspective of getting into the medieval period with horrible diseases, wars, uncomfortable clothes and obscure etiquette rules was the last thing I would dream of. However, when I was fifteen, I first felt that going back in time could be a possibility to long for. If I could do it, I would choose a day which is neither historic, nor generally important. It would be July 16, a sunny hot day which changed my life forever. That morning I was lying on the beach. My grandparents had called me earlier and asked if I would like to come for breakfast. I had refused politely and promised to see them in a couple of days, making an excuse of doing some housework. Suddenly my phone rang and I heard my mothers voice, strangely tense and hoarse. I knew immediately that something had happened, but the next phrase was something which could not be real. â€Å"Your grandpa died†. That moment was the first time I experienced the feeling of a loss which could not be made up for. I could not believe that I would never be able to see him again, to ask for advice, to play a game of chess. Even now after many years I regret that I had not had breakfast with my Grandpa that day. I realize that I would have not prolonged his life, but I wish I could have talked to him at least once again and let him know how much I loved him.

The Life And Times Of Martin Luther King, Jr. Essay

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was born in Atlanta, Georgia, the eldest of Martin Luther King, Sr., a Baptist minister, and Alberta Williams King. His Father served as a pastor of a large Atlanta church, Ebenezer Baptist, which had been founded by Martin Luther King, Jr.s maternal grandfather. King, Jr., was ordainded as a Baptist minister at age 18. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;King attended local segrated public school, where he excelled. He entered a nearby college, Morehouse College, at age 15 and graduated with a bachelors degree in sociology in 1948. After graduating with honors from Crozer Theological Seminary in Pennsylvania in 1951, he went to Boston University where he earned a doctoral†¦show more content†¦On December 1, city busses were integrated showing that the boycott had been sucsessful. The civil rigths movement took a big step forward during the Greensboro sit-ins. Each day of the sit-ins the number of participants increased. The pressure they put on Woolworths, their original target, caused profits to be decreased by 50% in 1950. Eventually on July 25, the first black person was allowed to eat at the lunch counter. These sit-ins also caused the formation of crucial organizations. Student Non-violent Coodinating Commitee (SNCC) was founded by the students involved in the sit-ins. SNCC drafted a code to be used by the entire non-violent movement. Some of the points in the code included dont strike back, dont laugh out, dont hold converstaions with floor walkers, and remember love and non-violence Though King was not directly involved in the sit-ins, he was the moral leader and inspiration for the whole movement. Knowing Kings strong belief in equality and intergration, when Philip Randolph planned The March on Washington he asked King to organize and speak at the event. The purpose of the demonstration was to demand strong federal protection of black rights and to inspire the people. Other unsucsessful demonstrations had been planned in the past but failed due to the use of militant, more violent means of protest. Many government officials were strongly against The March onShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther King Jr Essay1299 Words   |  6 PagesWhy was Martin Luther King Jr. such an inspiration to African Americans in America? Martin Luther King Jr. was an American minister, Civil Rights leader, and activist who had a strong belief in nonviolent protests (history.com; Martin Luther King Jr.). He was the leader behind the Montgomery Bus Boycott and the March on Washington which were eventually effective and a law was passed to end racial discrimination (history.com; Martin Luther King Jr.). On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks was arrested forRead MoreOutliers Essay909 Words   |  4 PagesOutlier Essay: Martin Luther King Jr. An outlier is a person or thing situated away or detached from the main body or system. In other words, an outlier is somebody who goes out of his or her way and does something extraordinary in order to accomplish their goal. Martin Luther King Jr. is a true example of an outlier. In the early 1900s, segregation was strongly recognized in the United States, until Martin Luther King Jr. stood up for what he believed in and made a change. Although he made a differenceRead MoreRhetorical Analysis of the I Have a Dream Speech by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.1219 Words   |  5 Pagesechoed throughout Washington D.C. August 28, 1963 as Martin Luther King Jr. paved the path to freedom for those suffering from racial segregation. It was the day of the March on Washington, which promoted Civil Rights and economic equality for African Americans. In order to share his feelings and dreams with the rest of the nation, Martin Luther King Jr. gave his speech encouraging all to overcome racial s egregation. Martin Luther King Jr.’s I Have a Dream speech was very effective due to theRead MoreEssay on The Life of Martin Luther King Jr.1244 Words   |  5 Pagesone step at a time. He devoted his life to changing the world. Martin Luther King, Jr. was born to Alberta and Martin Luther King. Alberta Williams King was born September 13, 1904 in Atlanta, Georgia. Martin Luther King, Sr. was born December 19, 1899 in Stockbridge, Georgia. Martins dad was a pastor at the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta, Georgia. His mother was a school teacher. His siblings were Christine King Farris born September 11, 1927, and Alfred Daniel Williams King born July 30Read Moreâ€Å"I Am Happy To Join With You Today In What Will Go Down1420 Words   |  6 Pagesgreatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.† (Lerone Bennett Jr. pg.125) Being a hero means to be a leader. To be a leader you have to have strength, courage, and commitment. In the 1960s, there were many leaders fighting for what they believe is the right of freedom and equality of all people. A major leader, Martin Luther King Jr. was involved in the Civil Rights Movement during the 60s. King was influenced by advocates of nonviolence such as Mahatma Gandhi. He wanted to seekRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King Jr. Essay871 Words   |  4 Pages Dr. Martin Luther King Jr was born in Atlanta Georgia on January 15, 1929. His parents were Reverend Martin Luther King Sr. and Alberta Williams King. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and his siblings were guided by the spiritual teachings from their father and attended public schools in Atlanta during their childhood. King and his nine siblings grew up in a financially secure middle class family. They received a better education than the average child of their race, King noticed this and it influencedRead MoreBeing A Hero Means To Be A Leader. To Be A Leader You Have1124 Words   |  5 Pagesfreedom and equality of all people. Major leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X they were involved with the Civil Rights Movement during the 60s. They were willing to fight until the end to make a change in society. Both men wanted to give the rights to all black people in America of living as an equal human being. But they both had their own ways of trying to make history and trying t o make a difference for black people. Martin Luther believed in fighting verbally to fight with wisdomRead MoreDr. Martin Luther King Jr., A Political Icon Essay1441 Words   |  6 Pagesbecause they and their accomplishments have forever changed society and the world. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was one of those individuals. Martin Luther Kings contributions to history place him in this inimitable position. One of the great figures in the march of human history, Martin Luther King Jr., like Gandhi before him, lived by a heroic credo of non-violence. More than two decades since his death, Martin Luther King ideas; his call for racial equality, his faith in the ultimate triumph of justiceRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr1194 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Simmons 1 Gabrielle Simmons Mrs. Fitzgerald Social Studies 8A 4/27/10 Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr. is a well known and an inspiring man to all cultures of the world. King was and still is one of the most influential heroes. King s views and believes helped African Americans through the 50 s and 60 s to the rights and liberties that was their right. King faced many obstacles on his journey, things like jail and even assassination attempts. Despite these obstacles,Read MoreWho knew the two most powerful African Americans that influence countless of people in history and700 Words   |  3 Pageslocked up in jail? Martin Luther King Jr. was incarcerated because the city officials issued a court injunction to prohibit the civil rights marches in Birmingham. Whereas, Malcolm x was arrested for burglary while trying to pick up a stolen watch he had left for repairs at a jewelry shop. The fight for civil right was taken in the 1960s, where racism was a problem. Whites discriminated blacks because they thought they werent equal to them. This is where Martin Luther K ing Jr. and Malcom X come

Heroin Essay Research Paper The use of free essay sample

Heroin Essay, Research Paper The usage of diacetylmorphine has been a long-standing job in society and nil is traveling to alter. Despite popular belief, it is here to remain. Since the scheme of diacetylmorphine tests has been proposed it has brought out negative positions proposing that it is the incorrect attack. Then what is the right attack? Continue twirling or pollexs and traversing our fingers in the hope that the occasional diacetylmorphine flop will make something more than set a abrasion in the solid foundation that is the illicit drug trade? This will merely neglect. Another attack must be taken which recognizes the demands of nuts who have been unable to discontinue their wont. We live in a drug taking society. If we could merely accept this as a fact so we could get down to move consequently. In concurrence with current methods, diacetylmorphine injecting suites and distribution tests have the possible to well harm the street drug trade and oppress the increasing drug-related decease rate. We will write a custom essay sample on Heroin Essay Research Paper The use of or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These suites would offer a clean environment and a healthier option for nuts instead than them holding to hit up in a back back street or some despicable public lavatory. Illicit drug usage needs to be treated chiefly as a wellness issue instead than a jurisprudence enforcement issue. This is true, these people suffer from a disease, they need aid and a supportive shoulder to tilt on, non a gaol cell. The nothing tolerance strategy turns ill people into felons, this is non the right manner to turn to the job. Australia spends over 13 billion yearly on intoxicant and baccy entirely, both are possible decease traps, both capable of dependence, both legal. Hypocrites. If we are willing to accept those in society with such despicable wonts, why are we non willing to assist those heroin nuts in demand? If there was another option they would take it. Many have tried drug options, rehabilitation clinics, but finally they go disgracefully back to their dependence. There are over one-thousan d chemists who will non even stock the diacetylmorphine option, dolophine hydrochloride, so what are the nuts suppose to make? It seems they are to wait until they are arrested and thrown into a gaol cell, or dice. Appealing options. Alcohol and nicotine maltreatment in non shunned by the authorities, it makes a important part to their income. Those enduring are non castawaies in the community due to their job, so why diacetylmorphine users? Possibly it is due to their effects. Alcohol can do one a blubbering crackbrained muss. Cigarettes can take to atrocious malignant neoplastic diseases. Yet heroin users are regarded as a danger to society. Heroin trails are a feasible pick. In stating this it does non intend, nevertheless, that other drug schemes should non still be used besides. Options such as drug instruction in schools and street ictuss should still be applied. However, these schemes entirely are neglecting drearily. There is besides a belief that diacetylmorphine trails will excuse the usage of diacetylmorphine as an acceptable past-time in the oculus of the younger population. This is non true. Adolescents experiment and rebel- they have, do and will whether society likes it or non. This does non intend diacetylmorphine will increase. Teenagers find many ways to arise, and the option of diacetylmorphine tests will decrease the handiness of the illegal substance as the street trade dies. Tests will discreetly convey the diacetylmorphine users off the street and into a safe, controlled environment. Heroin addicts, if treated suitably, could quite easy map in the community, prolong a relationship and even keep down a occupation. If we supplied registered diacetylmorphine nuts with an appropriate sum of heroin free of charge so they are non threatened by fiscal jobs due to their dependence. This places everyone in a more unafraid environment as there will be less drug related offense. It is clip that person stopped the unneeded deceases merely because we turned a unsighted oculus to the existent job. It is to much of a cost to the community in footings of offenses. Heroin tests will clean up the streets, and lower the Numberss for offenses such as burglary. Then there is the nuts themselves. The diacetylmorphine they are hiting up in a soiled trough International Relations and Security Network T good cut and is excessively pure, so it takes a life that could hold been saved. The way that the diacetylmorphine trade is heading down is merely one of decease and devastation if drastic step are non taken. Over 70 lives have already been lost this twelvemonth to o.d. . That is seventy excessively many.

Interlingua Is Doomed Essays - Interlingua, Constructed Languages

Interlingua is Doomed The dream of Interlingua-a common language that all the people of the world speak-has long existed in many peoples minds. They and their organizations have for many years tried to push this through, but the odds are still against them. The benefits of a common language on the planet are obvious, language barriers would no longer exist, books and newspapers could be printed in a single international edition distributed worldwide. In order to achieve this however there are plenty of obstacles along the way. The first question, which already throws us into a major snag, is which language do we choose? To many of us English is the obvious answer, since its expansion is enormous an it is the closest thing to a common language we have today. But this is where the Interlingua enthusiasts pull the brake saying, no, it must be a new constructed language everyone learns from scratch, because if we use an already existing natural language, all its native speakers would form an elite. The fact that the Interlingua enthusiasts normally excel in the very constructed language they advocate does not seem to strike them as unfair at all. Not that the people of this planet have ever managed to fully agree on anything, but let us just suppose that the world was to reform and decide to teach its citizens an all new language. The nations that would learn it the quickest would of course be the industrialized countries with the resources for good public education, incidentally the very nations that know and are learning, the international business language-English An inevitable fact is that the English language is already in the process of taking over the world through film, TV, popular music not to mention the Internet. Even more important, English being the international business language there is a lot of money invested in it and it therefore has the full support of the commercial industry and right or wrong, money rules this world! Were we still to miraculously manage to teach the whole planet the very same language, another problem would become painfully evident; maintaining it. All languages form local dialects, new words and expressions, especially in isolated and remote communities. Different people have different needs for words dictated by their surroundings and their professions. Based on the need of terminology the everyday vocabulary of a fisherman in the North Atlantic is bound to be quite different from that of a tobacco farmer in Turkey or a hot dog vendor in New York City. It is hardly realistic to think that any organization or international board of language would be able to map, keep track of and set standards for every single entity in the world that someone feels there is a need to have a word for. We have not yet come close to teaching all the people of the world to read and write their own native language that they are exposed to every day. What makes us think that we can teach them an all new language, especially with the economic interests of the world opposing it.

A Separate Peace and the Madness of Jealousy Similarities free essay sample

The madness of Jealousy Shakespearean quote never waste Jealousy on a real man: It Is the Imaginary man that supplements us all In the long run relates to A Separate peace because it relates to Genes Jealousy towards Finny. Finny was an athletic person that won a lot of trophies and competed in many events but also wanted to be smart like gene but never wanted to show that Jealousy unlike Gene who is the smart, normal person and a typical teenager at Devon, but his jealousy over finny overlaps his mind and he even pushes finny out of tree and ends his athletic career.Gene and Finny symbolize something. Gene symbolizes war although Finny symbolizes peace and preferences. The Jealousy of a man can cause him to do some tragic things. Jealousy is a strong word that means the resentment against another success and it is used by Gene, who is a smart, typical teenager at Devon, and his Jealousy for Fannys athletic abilities that helped him earn a lot of trophies and his popularity. We will write a custom essay sample on A Separate Peace and the Madness of Jealousy: Similarities or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Even though they both may be the best of friends and make a good team their reminders keeps decreasing because of the lack of Genes trust that Gene carries.Genes Jealousy for Finny keeps expanding and clouding his Judgment because he thinks that Finny Is trying to sabotage his academic career. Also Genes dark cloud of jealousy was unable to touch Fannys cloud of preferences and of his shinning bright light. Even though he knows Finny is not Jealous of his academics but instead admires them but Genes expansion of Jealousy causes his mind to reach its boiling point which causes him to push finny out of a tree and end his athletic career and his rarer In the army like the quote says, Gene deliberately knocks Finny out of a tree. Even after this Incident the two of them were still friends for some time. Another Jealousy is Leper Leveler. Leper Leveler, a classmate of Gene and Fannys and a mild gentle boy from Vermont who adores nature and engages in peaceful outdoor oriented hobbies, is Jealous of finny for being Genes best friends. He feels he should be Genes best friend and is Jealous of Phonies. The Jealousy of a man can cause him to do some terrible things.Shakespearean tote never waste Jealousy on a real man: It Is the Imaginary man that supplements us all In the long run relates to A Separate peace because It relates to Genes jealousy towards Finny. Finny was an athletic person that won a lot of trophies and competed in many events but also wanted to be smart like gene but never wanted to show that Jealousy unlike Gene who is the smart, normal person and a typical teenager at Devon, but his Jealousy over finny overlaps his mind and he even pushes finny out of tree and ends his athletic career.Gene and Finny symbolize something. Gene symbolizes war although Finny symbolizes peace and preferences. Jealousy Is a Gene, who is a smart, typical teenager at Devon, and his Jealousy for Fannys athletic abilities that helped him earn a lot of trophies and his popularity. Even though they both may be the best of friends and make a good team their friendship keeps decreasing because of the lack of Genes trust that Gene carries. Genes Jealousy for Finny keeps expanding and clouding his Judgment because he thinks that Finny is ring to sabotage his academic career.Also Genes dark cloud of Jealousy was unable to touch Fannys cloud of preferences and of his shinning bright light. Even though he knows Finny is not Jealous of his academics but instead admires them but Genes expansion of Jealousy causes his mind to reach its boiling point which causes him to push finny out of a tree and end his athletic career and his career in the army. Even after this incident the two of them were still friends for some time.

Form Over Content in the Film Mystic River (2004) essays

Form Over Content in the Film Mystic River (2004) essays The content of the movie Mystic River (2004), directed by Clint Eastwood, demands the form, but in a unique, creative way that is far more interesting and fresh than the typical form of the average whodunit murder mystery. The formalistic elements of Mystic River are in fact very non-tr5aditional, in terms of containing not just the typical beginning; middle, and end elements of a whodunit murder mystery. Instead, Mystic River begins with Dave being picked up by child molesters posing as city officials while his friends Sean and Jimmy watch helplessly. This opening scene sets the stage for all the rest that follow, as Eastwood then shows the ways that this early horrible experience forever marks, and in various distinct ways interferes with, the separate lives of all three of these childhood friends when they become adults. In terms of both cinematic style and distinctive shots and camera angles, Mystic River (2004) also contains many imaginative elements of the film noir genre, e.g., smoky bars; dirty rooms; dark alleys, which suit this film in particular very well (but are not usually elements found within the typical whodunit film). These film noir elements within Mystic River, however, add significantly to the films overall mood and atmosphere, of inevitable doom combined with deeply disturbing creepiness and psychological angst on the part of all three major characters; their wives, and others. In fact, these various film noir elements in particular, combined with the automatic suspense of a more typical whodunit that Eastwood also manages to inject into this film, create extra measures of suspense and dread within the films audience as well. Some of the more memorable camera shots and angles occur in the epiphany bar scene, in which Jimmy; Sean; and Dave sit talking, with increasing uneasiness together as suspicion slowly builds, especially...

Which Had A Greater Impact On Civil Rights, The Introduction Of Jackie Essay

Which Had A Greater Impact On Civil Rights, The Introduction Of Jackie Robinson Into The Baseball League Or Brown Vs. Board Of Education Decision - Essay Example One particular event that happened in the late 1940s to change the attitudes towards the equality status of African Americans was the introduction of Jackie Robinson into the baseball league. The attitudes towards Jackie Robinson were mixed and not all baseball fans, the baseball hierarchy and America were enthralled that a black man was found to be a better player of the national sport than many white red-blooded Americans. The result to Jackie Robinson of these views were in many ways devastating because he was subjected to racist comments and attacks over his color. Jackie Robinson when asked to play for a Canadian sister team in Montreal was overjoyed and taken aback by the welcoming views of the people and the city.1 He was recognized because of his color, but his talent as one of America's most talented baseball players. This helped Jackie Brown in his return to America in persevering as a baseball player, regardless of his heritage and color.

International Management Competencies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

International Management Competencies - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that cultural intelligence has become inevitable for global managers and employees that have to constantly interact with people from other countries and cultures. Cultural intelligence comprises of certain key competencies that allow effective interaction with people from other cultural backgrounds, such as knowledge about attitudes, behaviors, beliefs, and values of different cultures; the ability to adapt and accept these differences and lead everyone effectively. A low score of cultural intelligence (CQ) based on self-assessment indicates the need for the development of cultural intelligence and cross-cultural leadership competencies in order to be an effective global manager. A leader’s role involves various functions such as leading, controlling, communicating, decision-making, negotiating, motivating etc. All of these functions require interaction with others. Therefore, it becomes necessary for leaders/managers to understand t he impact of culture on people’s behavior, attitudes, expectations etc in order to be effective in cross-cultural situations. Efforts to link theoretical learning with experiences while working as a team leader in the past will be made in addition to observations from other leaders/contexts, wherever relevant. Self-assessment of cultural intelligence had arrived at a score of 5, this meant low cultural intelligence. Understanding different cultures and possessing the ability to adapt to other cultures is important to thrive and perform in the globalized world. Low score of cultural intelligence corresponds with certain past experiences at work and outside work during certain interactions with people from different cultures. These interactions more often resulted in confusion, misunderstanding and also conflict. Learning related to various cultural dimensions, intercultural communication, and cultural attributes have been fruitful in assessing certain situations and experience s that had left undesirable memories and feelings in the form of confusion, low self-esteem, and underachievement. A self-analysis of cultural intelligence and self-reflection thereupon has helped in understanding these situations and experiences better. The self-analysis indicated a high motivational drive to learn about other cultures; however, low scores on the knowledge, understandings and behavioral aspects contributed to the low cultural intelligence score. Cross-cultural competencies for leadership include the abilities and attitudes to learn and accept other cultures’ values and belief systems; interpersonal skills; and the required technical expertise, which need to be acquired in order to become an effective leader in cross-cultural settings.

Save Girl Child Essay Example for Free

Save Girl Child Essay The driving force behind our lives is values (desires). A value can be defined as our highest priority in life. It may be Peace, Self Awareness, Money, Beauty, Power, Prestige, Sensual Pleasure, Contentment, Love etc. Whatever in our hierarchy of values, the top most value will be happiness. A better understanding of happiness is necessary to be happy in life. All the sensual pleasures are subjective, vary from person to person. One may like to hear a famous song while other may prefer to be with a beautiful girl or boy. If we seek repeated sensual pleasure, after each incident pleasure will decrease. The same incident will not give same amount of happiness; law of diminishing return applies to it. So every time we need something new to be happy. If we run behind new things to be happy, we will either drain out or will face depression of success. Are there any ways to be happy without any external stimulus or with same routine or same work or same dish or same spouse? Let us examine happiness further; is it possible to be happy without any object of enjoyment? Suppose if we win in one situation or receive praise, we become happy without any objects of enjoyment. Hence, happiness is a state of mind. And the objects or external stimulants are just a provocative cause to evoke that state. Let us examine this state of mind. We understood happiness is not coming from external stimulus and the happiness happens when our mind becomes still. Therefore happiness should be our true nature and our mind is the hindrance to experience it. If we could create the stillness of mind without any external stimulus, we could experience our true self or true nature orswarupa: sat-chit-ananda (pure blissful consciousness). The bliss can be defined as pleasure without any cause. The consciousness is the simultaneous awareness of the witness, the process of witnessing, and the object of witnessing. The objects were just reflecting the ananda or bliss in us and when it is reflected through objects or external stimulus, it is called happiness. When we experience bliss, we feel oneness with God. When this union or realization happens, we tuned with the natural laws. Mind is a collection of thoughts. It is a useful instrument to handle situations in front of you. We collect some thoughts of past or future (desires or values) to choose better in the present. We opt consciously or unconsciously each and every moment. Our choice causes an effect in the Existence and the Existence responds according to its own laws. Since the consequences of choices are beyond our direct control; we face stress or aadhi in decisions. Since happiness depends on external stimulus and law of diminishing return applies to it, each incident will increase our desire for a new. Thus vulnerability to aadhi increases by each incident. We may run behind objects of enjoyment or a stimulus to evoke the state of happiness. It creates continuous aadhi by forming a vicious circle. Our mind will occupy with either thoughts of past or future without taking the relevant decisions. Because, since there are too many considerations and the need to assure happiness; we will lose our courage to fix in one option. In such conditions, we follow mind or conscience as a guide. The mind and conscience may contain samskaras or imprints or memory of the past or future which may prevent appropriate action in the present. If we try to sort it out by thinking, it strengthens the mind and creates more trouble than before. The distorted mind cause to lose present moment or awareness or consciousness. Thus, the mind causes separation or ignorance of our blissful nature.

Incineration Is Not A Solution To Garbage Environmental Sciences Essay

Incineration Is Not A Solution To Garbage Environmental Sciences Essay With rapid population growth, garbage treatment becomes a global challenge since clean and safe disposal of garbage is technically difficult. In 2007, garbage crisis occurred in an Italian city called Naples which was plagued by garbage lying along the streets (Alessio V, 2008). Italian suffered mainly due to overfilled landfills. The crisis draws worldwide concern over waste management. Incinerator offers counter-measure to overflowing landfills. Incineration is one of waste treatment techniques involving thermal combustion of garbage to transform the waste intoÂÂ  heat, particulates, bottom ash and flue gases (Andrew K, 2005). Air pollution experts claim that technological breakthrough and strict regulation have resulted in no prominent threats posed by incineration. (Health protection Agency, 2009) However, hazards brought by incinerators remain significant and lingering. The aim of this paper is to assess deleterious consequences caused by incineration. Although modern incin eration has improved tremendously, its drawbacks are still overwhelming because of unsolved pollution problems, high cost relative to other viable alternatives and conflict between recycling and incineration. To begin with, three main types of pollutants are inevitably emitted during combustion of hazardous waste, which are heavy metals, unburned toxic chemicals and new pollutants formed during incineration. Firstly, toxic heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury and chromium are reported to be widely distributed in industrial refuse and household waste (Ole H et al, 2002). Metals cannot be destroyed by incineration. Even worse is that they are discharged in more concentrated and hazardous form after combustion (Greenpeace international, 2004). In addition, they are exhausted in form of microscopic gas particles, which increases the vulnerability of our respiratory systems. Obviously, incineration does not eliminate the threats posed by heavy but intensifies them. Secondly, highly poisonous dioxin and furan are produced in reaction among partially decomposed waste components (Greenpeace international, 2004). Particularly, they are more dangerous than original waste. Upon disch arge into atmosphere, dioxin can be carried by air and ocean to an area remote from the sources. Thirdly, incomplete combustion of waste results in escape of unburned toxic substances. Incinerator ash carries these unburned toxic substances to environment through chimney (Greenpeace international, 2004). Indeed, air pollution problem is deteriorated because numerous venomous products are generated during garbage combustion. Proponents argue that modern and well regulated incinerators only account for a small percentage of local pollution although the detrimental health effects of emissions on human are not certainly ruled out. According to Health Protection Agency, operators of modern incinerators are obligated to prevent violation of environmental regulations by pressing emission below the strict limits (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, U.K., 2009). Incinerators are equipped with latest devices such as scrubber, electrostatic precipitators and cyclone to capture harmful pollutants (Water Environment Federation, 2009). Only a small amount of air pollutants is then released from incinerators in comparison with obsolete counterparts. Consequently, the additional cost born by residents living near incinerators is almost negligible. For instance, over 90 percent of human exposure to dioxin is animal foodstuff such as dairy produce, meat, seafood and eggs, which contrasts with limited inta ke of dioxin through inhalation. Calculation demonstrates that incineration contributed less than 1 percent to UK total emission of dioxin (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, U.K., 2009). Seemingly, incinerator is only a minor source of exposure. Undeniably, air pollution control devices make flue gas cleaner but pollutants are neither destroyed nor vanished forever by technologists because the devices are designed to transfer toxic substances from exhaust to ash. On the other hand, substantial amount of captured exhaust refuse have to be buried in special landfills (Greenpeace international, 2000). Referring to the report from Greenpeace International, the highest concentration of pollutants has been found in residues accumulating inside control devices. They can leach out from the burial sites and immediately threaten neighboring water bodies (Greenpeace international, 2000). In short, this illustrates that advanced control equipment merely postpone the environmental impact by shifting the pollution problem from air to land. Quite the opposite, incineration is not a cost-effective option of waste management because of high operation cost per ton. Costs of any waste treatment systems have several determinants including level of technology, features of disposed materials, energy costs, land, labor, and financing costs. Despite the diversified factors, incineration is always more costly than alternatives. First of all, the operation cost per ton is at least twice as high as that required for landfills which are competent substitute of incineration (Rand T et al, 2000). Table 1 shows the figures for capital cost per ton per day of waste handled by recycling/composting in industrial nations and less industrialized nations or incineration in 2004. There is an enormous difference between the cost of recycling/composting and incineration. Table 1 Capital costs of incineration versus recycling and composting tpd = tons per day (Rand T et al, 2000) The cost required for recycling/composting varied from US$4000 to US$90000 for industrial nations and US$450 to US$5300 for industrializing nations. In general, the average cost required for recycling/composting was still considerably lower than incineration cost which amounted to at least US$136000. Incinerator advocates allege that the operation cost of incineration tends to reduce gradually because of technological advances. The drop in operation cost is primarily attributable to improvement in dewatering technology. Total solid concentration ranging from 27% to 30 % is produced by dewatering, which allows spontaneous combustion upon ignition (Water Environment Federation, 2009). Spontaneous combustion suggests that no auxiliary fuel is required so fuel cost saving is significant especially when fuel price is soaring during economic recovery. Moreover, if heat energy produced during combustion is recovered and converted into electricity, the costs may drop further by $30 to $50 per ton (Water Environment Federation, 2009). It can be predicted that ongoing development of incineration technology is likely to formulate more cost-reducing strategies for the future. On the contrary, technology tends to raise cost instead because latest air pollution control devices or facilities are expensive. Air pollution control devices add heavy cost to incineration. For instance, flue gas clean-up equipment is responsible for approximately 30% of the capital costs of a conventional incinerator in United Kingdoms (Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions of U.K. , 2000). Next, public awareness of health hazard caused by incinerators and increased emission limits in the United States forces incinerator owners to invest on updating obsolete and more polluting facilities. Apart from this, if special landfills were established to collect the toxic ash from residues in air pollution control devices, it would drastically increase operation cost (Brenda P, 2004). Besides, incineration hinders the development of recycling which is less expensive since they are incompatible. Incinerators require a minimum amount of trash to sustain daily operation and produce electricity (Confederation of Paper Industry, 2009). The need of garbage for fuel encourages product consumption and waste disposal and leads to keen competition for waste between recycling and incineration sectors. Furthermore, incineration projects divert funding from recycling programs to an extent that little money is left for them. For example, the Polish National Fund for Environmental Protection offered a loan to construct a waste incinerator in Warsaw, provided that the Warsaw authorities continued to fund waste separation and recycling (Brenda P, 2004). However, shortly after they received the loan, the Warsaw City Council cut budget for its recycling program. Apart from waste and funds, they also compete for government support as their development is subject to government regulat ions concerning pollution control as well as garbage disposal (Jeffrey M, 2006). Incineration upholders may refute the argument by claiming that garbage contents are diversified enough to satisfy both recycling and incinerators. They admit that both recycling and incinerators demand paper which has high energy value. Nevertheless, only paper which has been recycled so many times that its fiber-making ability was lost will be incinerated (Confederation of Paper Industry, 2009). Otherwise, it can be recycled. Similarly, paper unsuitable for recycling, including hospital wipes, will also be incinerated for energy (Confederation of Paper Industry, 2009). This suggests that despite the demand for the same waste materials, incineration and recycling rely on distinct sources of the same materials. Anyway, the problem lies on the adverse effect on social value toward waste but not what deserves incineration. Heavy dependence on incineration promotes the throw-away lifestyle, escalating waste problem. Unregulated manufacture of products and goods dismiss recyclability and reusability (Brenda P, 2004). According to Friends of the Earth, in Shrewsbury, Shropshire in England, incineration target decreased from 57% to 27% after the onset of incinerator operation (Shrewsbury Friends of the Earth, 2009). This finding shows that with waste figures decrease due to incineration, the absence of incentive and pressure discourages recycling. The above discussion summarizes the detrimental effects caused by incineration in term of pollution, financial cost and incompatibility with recycling. Undoubtedly, our world continuously and ubiquitously generates garbage which must be properly handled. However, we should not be obsessed with technological advances in incineration. Improved incinerators are not flawless, which solve old problems inefficiently and sometimes create new ones. Incinerators remain polluting, cost public and government heavily and threaten the survival of recycling activities. Incineration is, thus, not a solution to overflowing garbage. (Total words:1467 Words per sentence: 22.3)

English Teaching Plan

Months & Seasons Vocabulary  Games Match  the  names  of  the  celebrations/  holidays  with  the  months  that  they  take  place  in. January February March April May June July August September October November December Mother’s  Day International  Children’s  Day US  Ã‚  Independence  Day Christmas’s  Eve Halloween Mid  Fall  Festival Vietnam  Teacher’s  Day International  Women’s  Day International  Left ­handers’  Day Valentine’s  Day New  Year’s  Eve April’s  Fool Now  discuss  with  your  partners  what  people  often  do  during  those  holidays  ? Vocabulary  Game  (2)Match  the  words  that  best  describe  the  weather  of  each  season  (work  with  a  partner) dry  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  humid  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã ‚  Ã‚  wet  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  cold  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  freezing  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  sunny windy  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  rainy  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  comfortable  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  below  freezing  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  breezy  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  cool chilly  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  drizzling  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  fog/foggy  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  heat ­wave  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  boiling  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  tropical  storms snowstorms  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  cloudy  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  snowy  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  nice  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  warm  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  hot Spring: Summer Autumn Win ter Listening  Activity A.Listen  to  the  recording  and  tick  the  words  that  you  hear winter  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  outside  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  prefer  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  peak  of  the  summer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  long  lazy  days  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  June  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  summer  man  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  autumn grey  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  going  back  to  school  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  autumn  leaves  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  walking  in  the  woods   Ã‚  fan  of  the  winter  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  December  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  snow  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Christmas  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã ‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  celebrations January  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  worst  months  of  the  year  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  march  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  april the  first  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  windy  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  feelings  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  summer  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  he at  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  light dark  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  have  a  walk B.Listen  to  the  recording  again  and  decide  whether  each  statement  is  true  (T)  or  false (F) 1. Richard  loves  winter 2. It’s  December  now 3. There’s  often  snow  in  the  UK  in  the  winter 4. There’re  a  lot  of  celebrations  and  parties  during  Christmas 5. Both  of  the  speakers  were  born  in  the  Sp ring 6. Richard  loves  July  the  most  Ã‚  in  the  summer  months 7. The  female  speaker  likes  all  of  the  autumn  months 8. She  loves  the  colors  of  autumn 9. Today  is  a  wet,  cold,  dark  day. 10. They  will  probably  stay  inside  today. C. Now  listen  for  the  last  time  and  fill  in  the  blanks  to  complete  the  conversation F:  So  this  week  on  podcastinenglish. om,  we’re  talking  about  months  of  the  years  and  seasons. So,  richard,  it’s  December  now,  and  for  us,  the  first  of  the  ____________  months. How  do  you feel  about  the  winter  and  the  winter  months? M:  I  don’t  like  them. F:  Not  at  all? M:  No,  December? Cold,  grey,  wet,  ____________. No.. I’m  not  a  fan  of  winter,  I’m  afraid F:  Yes,  and  also  in  the  UK,  we  don’t  really  get.. we  don’t  always  get  snow. And  I  think  if  it’s  cold and  there’s  snow,  that’s  really  nice  .. but  if  it’s  just  cold  and  wet,  then  that’s  really  hard. At  least we  have  Christmas  for  December M:  Christmas  is  good.Christmas  are.. ________________,  parties.. that’s  nice.. and  it’s  not  as bad  as  January. January  is  to  come F:  Ã‚  Yes  I  think  January  and  February  are  the  ____________  months  of  the  year. But  in  the  spring, then  we  have  the  spring  months. Both  you  and  I  were  born  in  the  spring. You  were  born  in  March and  I  was  born  in____________. Do  you  like  March? M:  I’m  not  a   fan  of  March  and  April,  either.. cause  then,  at  least  in  the  UK,  it’s  very  ___________, wet  .. and  you  know  March  is  the  driest  month  of  the  year  but  it  seems  to  be  windy,  and  a  bit  wet and  dam. that’s  my  ____________anyway

Performance Management System Essay

A performance management system is the process in which an organization will involves its employees, as individuals and members of a group, in improving organizational effectiveness in the accomplishment of the organization’s mission and goals. Employee performance management includes: planning work and setting expectations, continually monitoring performance, developing the capacity to perform, periodically rating performance in a summary fashion, and rewarding good performance. Planning Work and other processes are planned out in organizations; one of the best ways the organization knows to ensure that the employees are effective in the organization is by implementing the employees in the planning process. This helps the employees understand the goals, what needs done, why it needs to be done, and how well it should be done within the organization. Monitoring Within effective organizations, projects and other assignments are monitored, positive monitoring is consistently measuring performance as well as providing positive and negative feedback to and from employee’s on their progress toward reaching goals. Requirements for monitoring employees performance is compared against their elements and standards in the organization, monitoring provides the organization opportunity to check the employees performance and the ability to measure the unacceptable performance. Developing Employee development should be evaluated and addressed; this form of developing can increase the capacity to perform through training, give tasks that work on new skills of higher levels of responsibility, improve the work process, and many other methods. When employees are provided with training and developmental opportunity’s, organizations encourage good performance, strengthen job-related skills and competence, and helps employees keep up with changes in the organization such as; new policy, standards, or technology. Rating Organizations will summarize employees performance allowing them to compare  performance over time or amongst a variety of employees, this allows the organization to see who the best performers are as well as the employees that need work. Rating is evaluating employees or a group of employee’s performance against the standards in a performance plan and assigning a summary rating record. There are rating of records assigned according to procedures included in the organizations appraisal program, which is biased on the performance by employees during an entire appraisal period. Rewarding Rewarding is when the organization recognizes the employees, either as individuals or a team for their performance and acknowledging their contributions to the needs of the organization. Positive performance can be recognized without waiting for nominations for awards, recognition can be implemented in all day-to-day operations within the organization. Using a Performance Management System Any organization that uses a performance management system creates positive work practices among the employees, as well it allows the management in the organization to see where the employees performance is at. Organizations need to gather information about employee performance in order to figure out who would be a good fit when it comes to promotions and who would be better equipped to handle more responsibilities. Performance management system helps the organization to determine which employees are best suited to hire from within, not only do they already know the operations of the organization, but the organizations management knows their work ethics and has already been monitoring their progress.

Discussion Board Reply Example

Discussion Board Reply Example Discussion Board Reply – Coursework Example Discussion Board There is no doubt that the process of hiring is a complicated one and various aspects have to be kept in mind to accomplish the purpose of hiring (Barnham, 2001). Interestingly, you have talked about ‘staffing need’ right in the start of the document; an aspect that is most often ignored. Of course how is it possible for an organization to choose the appropriate individuals if it ignores its needs. The assertion that employee referrals often have the best results raises a few questions in my mind. Isn’t it a fact that referrals can sometimes affect the ongoing process of recruitment, which is based on the idea of merit? In my opinion, if a job opportunity is advertised, the activity of exploring referrals for the selection of candidates should be stopped. On the other hand, if referrals are to be used for hiring purpose, a job should not be announced before the public (Aamodt, 2012). Merit demands that candidates are given equal opportunities and for this reason selecting candidates through referrals and through open advertisements should not be done simultaneously. It is interesting to note that you have talked about the fact that interviews need to follow a certain structure. A pre-designed structure of interview questions has many benefits. This is essential to ensure that all interviewees are subjected to a similar set of questions, since merit demands that evaluation of candidates be carried out on similar grounds. This appears to be more in alignment with the ethical standards that demand that individuals be treated in a fair manner.ReferencesAamodt, M. (2012).  Industrial/organizational psychology: An applied approach. Cengage Learning. Branham, L. (2001).  Keeping the people who keep you in business: 24 ways to hang on to your most valuable talent. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Discussion Board Reply Example Discussion Board Reply – Coursework Example DISCUSSION BOARD REPLY al Affiliation) mate thread on Taguchi Method The mate found the method Taguchi developed to be interesting in that he challenged the traditional approach in design of experiment by claiming that the design stage is where the most of the quality of products and services is determined.The main advantage of the method as brought out by the classmate in discussion is worth considered as it emphasizes on the mean performance characteristic values, which are close to the target instead of a value that is within specified limits. This makes the method improve the quality of product. The method hence becomes easy to apply in most engineering situations (Wu results obtained are only considered relative and do not indicate exactly show the parameters that has the highest effect on the performance characteristic value was not considered by the classmate. The method that was chosen also does not test all the combinations that the variables have due to orthogonal values. The method has also been seen to have a limitation of being offline and this makes it inappropriate for the processes that are always changing such as simulation studies (Harris, 2008). The difficulty that was brought about by the classmate was right as Taguchi methods have been criticized by users in literature difficulty that it has on accounting for interaction between the parameters. The method mainly focuses on designing quality rather that making correction on qualities that are poor. This makes them applied at early stages of development processes (Bendell, 2009). The hybrid approach provided the decision makers with the risks and benefits associated with selecting a supplier. The risk and benefit factors are then analyzed to determine relative importance and are used to compute a score.ReferencesBendell, T. (2009). Taguchi methods. London [England]: Elsevier Applied Science.Harris, N. (2008). Special issue on Taguchi methods. Chichester, Sussex, England: Wiley & Sons.Wu, Y., & Wu, A. (2000). Taguchi Methods for robust design. New York: ASME Press.

How to Split Strings in Ruby

How to Split Strings in Ruby Unless user input is a single word or number, that input will need to be split  or turned into a list of strings or numbers. For instance, if a program asks for your full name, including middle initial, it will first need to split that input into three separate strings before it can work with your individual first, middle and last name. This is achieved using the String#split method. How String#split Works In its most basic form, String#split takes a single argument: the field delimiter as a string. This delimiter will be removed from the output and an array of strings split on the delimiter will be returned. So, in the following example, assuming the user input their name correctly, you should receive a three-element Array from the split. #!/usr/bin/env rubyprint What is your full name? full_name gets.chompname full_name.split( )puts Your first name is #{name.first}puts Your last name is #{name.last} If we run this program and enter a name, well get some expected results. Also, note that name.first and name.last are coincidences. The name variable will be an Array, and those two method calls will be equivalent to name[0] and name[-1] respectively. $ ruby split.rbWhat is your full name? Michael C. MorinYour first name is MichaelYour last name is Morin However,  String#split is a bit smarter than youd think. If the argument to String#split is a string, it does indeed use that as the delimiter, but if the argument is a string with a single space (as we used), then it infers that you want to split on any amount of whitespace  and that you also want to remove any leading whitespace. So, if we were to give it some slightly malformed input such as Michael C. Morin (with extra spaces), then String#split would still do what is expected. However, thats the only special case when you pass a String as the first argument. Regular Expression Delimiters You can also pass a regular expression as the first argument. Here, String#split becomes a bit more flexible. We can also make our little name splitting code a bit smarter. We dont want the period at the end of the middle initial. We know its a middle initial, and the database wont want a period there, so we can remove it while we split. When String#split matches a regular expression, it does the same exact thing as if it had just matched a string delimiter: it takes it out of the output and splits it at that point. So, we can evolve our example a little bit: $ cat split.rb#!/usr/bin/env rubyprint What is your full name? full_name gets.chompname full_name.split(/\.?\s/)puts Your first name is #{name.first}puts Your middle initial is #{name[1]}puts Your last name is #{name.last} Default Record Separator Ruby is not really big on special variables that you might find in languages like Perl, but String#split does use one you need to be aware of. This is the default record separator variable, also known as $;. Its a global, something you dont often see in Ruby, so if you change it, it might affect other parts of the code- just be sure to change it back when finished. However, all this variable does is act as the default value for the first argument to String#split. By default, this variable seems to be set to nil. However, if String#splits first argument is nil, it will replace it with a single space string. Zero-Length Delimiters If the delimiter passed to String#split is a zero-length string or regular expression, then String#split will act a bit differently. It will remove nothing at all from the original string and split on every character. This essentially turns the string into an array of equal length containing only one-character strings, one for each character in the string. This can be useful for iterating over the string and was used in pre-1.9.x and pre-1.8.7 (which backported a number of features from 1.9.x) to iterate over characters in a string without worrying about breaking up multi-byte Unicode characters. However, if what you really want to do is iterate over a string, and youre using 1.8.7 or 1.9.x, you should probably use String#each_char instead. #!/usr/bin/env rubystr She turned me into a newt!str.split().each do|c| puts cend Limiting The Length of the Returned Array So back to our name parsing example, what if someone has a space in their last name? For instance, Dutch surnames can often begin with van (meaning of or from). We only really want a 3-element array, so we can use the second argument to String#split that we have so far ignored. The second argument is expected to be a Fixnum. If this argument is positive, at most, that many elements will be filled in the array. So in our case, we would want to pass 3 for this argument. #!/usr/bin/env rubyprint What is your full name? full_name gets.chompname full_name.split(/\.?\s/, 3)puts Your first name is #{name.first}puts Your middle initial is #{name[1]}puts Your last name is #{name.last} If we run this again and give it a Dutch name, it will act as expected. $ ruby split.rbWhat is your full name? Vincent Willem van GoghYour first name is VincentYour middle initial is WillemYour last name is van Gogh However, if this argument is negative (any negative number), then there will be no limit on the number of elements in the output array and any trailing delimiters will appear as zero-length strings at the end of the array. This is demonstrated in this IRB snippet: :001 this,is,a,test,,,,.split(,, -1) [this, is, a, test, , , , ]

World History I Beginnings to 1750 - Classical Era Essay

World History I Beginnings to 1750 - Classical Era - Essay Example THE EMPIRE POLITIC. Our ascension to the throne has been accomplished through the means of familial succession of our self as God’s chosen emperor for this great land, as senatorially confirmed by the elected representatives of the people. We have no desire to alter this stable form of governance which has led to our own advent. To that end, we shall continue to support the limited self-governance of the people by and through their elected representatives, overseen by the benevolent Imperial Family. Furthermore, the population of our domain shall continue to be represented in our senatorial convocation through the traditional weighted vote: Each person over the age of 21 years shall have one vote as to who will be the senatorial representative of their district. Those persons in the merchant and trade classes of the same age shall have two votes. Those landholders and their families of each district shall have four. As always, we shall confirm the choices of the people by our imperial endorsement of their selection. Through this system, we shall preserve our political unity, ensure continued efficient political process, and enjoy the abundant prosperity inherent to such a proper blending of the voice of the people with the rule of the Imperial Family. THE EMPIRE ECONOMIC. We are pleased with the economic condition of the empire. Our policies shall continue to encourage a healthy and robust peasantry, who shall provide labor within the agricultural and non-skilled trade sectors while being fairly treated to either a living wage or the provision of home and sustenance with a modest stipend. Our policies shall seek to increase the trade and merchant sectors of our economy, so that commerce remains free and profitable. Of course, our barony and major landholders shall continue to provide tax revenues and contribute to the defense of our great empire

Mitochandria Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mitochandria - Dissertation Example Mitochondria are structured in a way that they contain two membranes. The first membrane being the inner membrane contains numerous folds that create a layer known as cristae. The outer membrane, on the other hand, acts as a protective layer that covers the mitochondria. Mitochondria also contain a fluid known as matrix. Inside the matrix are DNA and ribosomes. Ribosomes are protein builders of the cell. Other structures known as granules are also contained in the matrix.The main function of mitochondria is to generate energy for the cell through breaking down nutrients. Through the help of proteins or enzymes found in the matrix, organic molecules are digested. Consequently, oxygen and glucose are released to aid in the production of water and carbon dioxide hence controlling the amount of oxygen. It is also through the mitochondria that the cell can store and control the concentration of calcium ions. It also aids in the transportation of electrons throughout the cell. The processe s of hormonal signaling, as well as the synthesis of steroids, are also made possible through the mitochondria. The endosymbiotic theory explains the presence of mitochondria in cells. According to the theory, mitochondria gained a survival advantage through a symbiotic relationship between bacteria and other cells. With time, the cells lost their cell walls, and the flexible membranes began folding to form membranes. Eventually, the relationship became permanent leading to the formation of mitochondria.

Week9 dq Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Week9 dq - Essay Example Sustainability is an important idea as it suggests a long lasting effect upon the structure which seeks it. Sustainability presents an on-going benefit for the organization and its processes. Using sustainable methods the organization is able to reach many of its goals. Business behaviour which is responsible is said to be beneficial to organizational members as well as stakeholders, some of whom could also hold shares, as well as those in wider society whose benefits could be rather indirect. But how and why does this sustainability actually result in benefits? Cortez (2011) considered social equity as a way to ensure profits together with benefits for society. These might not be directly financial. He looked at the possibility of a relationship between environmental improvements and good financial results for an organization. Cortez (2011) studied leading companies in Japan. This led lead to another question about the pressure from government and what actually goes on as a result. Cortez (2011) cited paper studies by Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu about the Japanese car industry. There seemed to be real concern for the environment, but also a relatively low measure of actual success. On the other hand the Cortez (2011) paper included references to Japanese industrial companies with more positive results, as well as high degrees of client satisfaction with regard to the environment and its protection or improvement because of innovations carried out. Consumers do care about the ways in companies perform in relationship with the environment, and look at the costs involved , that is how much is a company spending upon environmental responsibilities. There are however a number of other features associated with costs to society. These can be difficult to describe exactly. A new factory for instance may mean improvements

Dear People of the World Essay Example for Free

Dear People of the World Essay This letter should be read by someone thirty years from now, in the year 2014. It is currently 1984, I am a citizen of Oceania a place run by Big Brother and his people. We are treated like zoo animals, everything is controlled. I hope that you are reading this in a free world, a world where there is no Big Brother or Thought Police, a world where newspeak is considered old speak, a world where a tele screen is something that is used for entertainment and not surveillance, a world where you can say what you want and not what you must, a world where the only thoughtcrime is keeping your thoughts bottled up like we have to do. This world has been artificially created for us and we cant stand it anymore, something needs to be done; but we are constantly being watched from above and controlled we cant do anything about it. I often dream about a world where people can say what they want, where everything is green and nobody is prisoner of this lie anymore, I hope that your world is like that. Right now I am in danger, I could be being watched right now and it would be just a matter of time until the thought police come, kick the door down and take me. In this world you cant say anything without being questioned or accused of thought crime, I have lost many friends just because they said what they thought. They tell us that â€Å"WAR IS PEACE, FREEDOM IS SLAVERY, IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH† here we dont have peace, we have everything but peace. We are not free we are slaves of a system that does not work. Ignorance will never be strength, ignorant people are weak they believe everything that they are told. Thats why I say that â€Å"WAR IS WAR, FREEDOM IS FREEDOM, IGNORANCE IS IGNORANCE† There is just a small group of people that think like I do, there is just a small group of people that have knowledge of the truth. But this group is getting smaller and smaller and there is nothing we can do about it because we are all bering heard and we are all being watched. I believe that the future wont be like this anymore, it will be free, people will be able to go where they want when they want, they wont need to report every morning and every night, they will eat where they want to eat and love who they want to love. I know I am not the only one that is trying to change this world, letters like this will be found by many different people, because they need to know about their past. If the world where you live in is the same as mine it means that it still too early, leave this letter and carry on, because someday this will end.

Scarface :: essays research papers

The topic of my presentation is why everyone should watch the movie scarface, and if you have already seen it to watch it again, This movie was directed by Brian De Palma,and written by Oliver Stone (produced-alexander, produced joy luck club) "Scareface"came out in 1983, and feature's Al Pacino as Tony Montana, Michelle Phifer as Elvira, and Steven Bauer as Manny Ray, The story is about a Cuban refugee who makes his way over to Miami,Florida Tony starts out as a dishwasher and hitman, who proceeds to enter into a life of cocaine dealing and organized crime. He then become one of the biggest drug dealers in Florida. The story has a rags to riches theme and is known for graphic violence. This is an action/drama with many indepth plot twists and an incredulous amount of profanity. The movie mostly portrays Scarface in thrid person view, which means the audience learns about the charactor Scarface through his actions and behaviors. The film is not only at great movie, but a cultural icon to some people. Scarface had a tremendous impact on the genre of rap music, and has inspired many rappers and producers to create songs. The premise of this film was actually adapted from the novel "scareface"by Armitage Trail. A Previse movie entitled, "Scareface, the Shame of the Nation" was made in 1932 ,directed by howard hawks and produced by Howard Hughes, which depicts gang-warfare, polictical coruption, and police un-involvment. The main charactor "Tony" was based loosely upon the real ganstar Al Capone, who actually loved the movie. I have seen both movie's and The 1983 "scarface" packs such a influencal punch of knowledge through the actions and life of Pacino as Tony Mantana. This film is known for having interesting quotes; Some notable quotes are= "Say hello to my little friend." "All I have in this world is my balls and my word and I don't break them for no one.

Thomas Aquinas’ Account of the Various Dimensions of Prophecy

The Summa Theologica, one of the principal works of St. Thomas Aquinas, has created remarkable impacts not only in his time but also up to the present generation. A writing that is, according to him, a compilation of Christian doctrine as a manual for his students, the Summa Theologica is actually a complete, systematically arranged exposition regarding theology and Christian philosophy. It consists of questions, articles, and arguments discussing different concepts related to theology (Aquinas,154).One of the most famous and controversial topics included in the Summa Theologica is the various dimensions of prophecy of the philosopher and theologian: prophecy of foreknowledge, prophecy of denunciation, and prophecy of predestination. The first mentioned dimension of prophecy pertains to the revelations of God regarding the events in the future that depend primarily on man's freewill. The samples given by Aquinas have something in relation to life and death, wars and dynasty, and the likes.Therefore, in fulfilling the prophecy of foreknowledge, one's free choice is the major influential factor. In contrast to the first prophecy, the prophecy of predestination deals with what God has revealed that He alone can do, has believed is present for eternity, and what is in His absolute decree. Therefore, a man's free choice is not a contributing attribute in this dimension of prophecy. Lastly, the prophecy of denunciation talks about the event that may and will happen through God's revelation of the future which can be hindered by miraculous deeds.Thus, it is regarded as a â€Å"conditional promise† which is mainly dependent upon other factors that will or may prevent it from happening (Aquinas,154). Aquinas also believed that other than knowledge, revelation is a necessary requirement for salvation. Through this, man can know the supernatural end that actually affects his acts. More importantly, without revelation, only a few would know the truths concerning God after a longer time and with of course, a great possibility of error.Thus, he proved that â€Å"reason,† which is anchored to man's knowledge, is essential not in proving what the truths of faith are but in defending, explaining, and developing the revealed doctrines of Christianity (154). However, not all agree with Aquinas’ belief; some question one of his points of view, specifically regarding active intelligence. Henry Corbin’s statement disapproves of Aquinas’ perception that active intellect functions not in separate ways with spirituality (249).Corbin strongly disapproved this and emphasized that if these two will be linked and treated as one in terms of functions, spirituality may lose its true essence since intellect is classified with relevance to the social norm (249). Thus, when not separated with the socialized arena of active intelligence, beliefs regarding religious arena might as well be affected. A spiritual entity dominated by religious forces, which are influenced by a socialized field of intellect, might as well in return be socialized.This occurrence will result in modifications in one’s points of view and confusion about what truly exists and what does not. An example given in that statement describes the transformation of one’s belief in monotheism to monism (Corbin 249). The former explains that only one god exists but when not done separately from the aspect of intellectual side, it then results in monism wherein one believes that one god only exists but with manifestations in various religions. This scenario just illustrates what Corbin tried to explain if intellect comes in the way of spirituality.

Jetstar Airways Essay

Jetstar Airways is an Australia low-cost carrier airline based in Melbourne, Australia. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Qantas Group. Qantas established Jetstar in 2003 as a response to main competitor airline Virgin Australia (formerly known as Virgin Blue). Despite its low cost, Jetstar operates an extensive domestic network and is the world’s largest long-haul low cost carrier. Jetstar operates to destinations in Asia the Pacific Ocean, with future plans of expanding their services throughout Europe. Jetstar currently offers a limited number of connecting services without through baggage checking, and it became the first Australia airline to allow customers to select their seat upon booking. The airline, which participates in the Qantas Frequent Flyer Programme, operates a fleet of Airbus A320-family and A330 aircraft. Mission Statement Jetstar’s mission is to offer all day, every day low fares to enable more people to fly to more places, more often (Jetstar, 2012). Company Objectives  Jetstar is part of the Qantas Group’s two-brand growth strategy, where Qantas competes at the premium and business market and Jetstar focuses on leisure markets. The Jetstar Group is a value based, low fares network of airlines operating in the leisure and value based markets. Jetstar aims to have Australia’s lowest fares on all the routes it operates on. Jetstar has backed its airfares with a Price Beat Guarantee. If any customers find a lower fare elsewhere online, provided it is on the same day, the same route and at a within the same time frame, Jetstar will beat the quoted fare by 10 per cent. Slogan – Low fares, all day, everyday Market Overview Definition of the market Jetstar operates in the low-cost carrier market within Australia. Their target market is the general public, who seeks cheap and accessible airfares and flight availability to travel within Australia. Major competitors include Virgin Australia and Tiger Airways Australia. Market Size Jetstar is currently the third largest domestic Australian airline (by market share) and fifth largest international airline (by capacity share) serving international routes to-and-from Australia (Jetstar, 2011). Jetstar shares its parent’s strong competition with Australia’s biggest low-cost carrier Virgin Australia. Domestic travel accounts for 75% of the airline industry revenue in Australia (Taylor Woodings, 2011) Market Potential The market is currently in the decline stage. From 2007, Australian domestic air travel started with buoyant demand for air travel and high fuel prices boosted ticket prices. However, domestic airlines faced major hurdles when the global economic downturn hit. Higher unemployment and a decline in discretionary income slowed demand for air travel in Australia. In particular, business travellers abandon air travel in favour of teleconferences and e-mail. Demand also weakened as Australians have started to plan travelling internationally. Market Structure The domestic flights market can be considered as an oligopoly. The 3 main companies that have the most market share are Virgin Australia, Jetstar and Tiger Airways Australia. Trends Demographic: Australia is an underpopulated country and is also an ageing. However, over the years the numbers of migrants have been increasing. With the rising number of migrants, there will most likely be an increase in the number of domestic flights demanded since they may want to visit other cities Economic:  Australia currently has the strongest economy in the developed world and it is expected to outperform all comers for at least the next two years, according to the International Monetary Fund (2012). The IMF also forecasts Australia’s unemployment rate to remain low at 5. 2 per cent in both 2012 and 2013. With the Australia having an unemployment rate of only 5. 2%, it can be assumed that people are more likely to have surplus cash and may have plans of flying domestic, whether it be for a holiday or business. Natural: Australia’s changing natural environment has had an impact on the customers, nvestors and Jetstar. Jetstar is committed to minimising its impact on the environment and has introduced various initiatives to address this important issue. On 19 September 2007, Jetstar introduced a passenger Carbon Offset scheme facilitated through the Australian Government’s Greenhouse Friendlyâ„ ¢ initiative. Through the Carbon Offset scheme, Jetstar’s passengers can choose to make their journey carbon neutral by purchasing carbon offsets on all domestic and international services via a seamless single step process at the time of booking at Jetstar. com. Jetstar’s Carbon Offset program is now one of the most successful programs in the Australian airline industry and has raised almost $600,000. About 12 per cent of all passengers booking at Jetstar. com currently choose to offset their share of flight emissions. Jetstar’s Carbon Offset program has proven to be particularly successful on a number of domestic routes, including Sydney-Ballina Byron, which in 2008 has averaged 24 per cent of passengers booking via the web opting to carbon-offset their flight, Melbourne-Ballina Byron (20%), Adelaide-Melbourne Avalon (16%), Melbourne- Hobart (15%) and Sydney-Melbourne Avalon (14%). Our carbon offsets are purchased through Climate Friendly, who has been ranked as the number one carbon offset provider in Australia by the Carbon Offset Watch and is a founding member of the International Carbon Reduction and Offset Alliance (ICROA). Technological: Technology plays a vital role in both the airline industry. In order to have a competitive advantage, it is required that the technology used is up to date. Jetstar is equipping its fleet of A320 and A321 aircraft with the latest satellite-linked navigation system to improve safety and on-time performance. Aircraft fitted with the system known as Required Navigation Performance (RNP) can safely navigate around cloud-shrouded mountains, through valleys and over high terrain when low visibility would increase the chance of flight disruptions. Air Services Australia reported those 4,200 minutes of flying time and 17,300 nautical miles was saved during 1,612 RNP assisted approaches. As a result more than 200,000 kg of jet fuel was saved and carbon emissions were reduced by 650,000 kg. The new navigation aid reduces the time spent circling due to bad weather, which helps passengers arrive on time and cuts our fuel use. Political/Legal: Over the years the rising carbon tax in Australia has affected future plans of Jetstar. Maintaining and running an aircraft is bound to produce a lot of carbon dioxide. As a result Jetstar has started to reduce the amount their carbon footprint by introducing new technology.

A Critical Analysis Of The Code Of Conduct Social Work Essay Essay Example

A Critical Analysis Of The Code Of Conduct Social Work Essay Essay Example A Critical Analysis Of The Code Of Conduct Social Work Essay Essay A Critical Analysis Of The Code Of Conduct Social Work Essay Essay Planning is no longer aA fashionableA construct peculiarly after the prostration of socialism in the recent yesteryear and which has exerted the influence upon the environment ( Evans, 1995 ) . It is the portion of land usage planning system which used to equilibrate the developments in future in context of economic, societal and environment countries. Harmonizing[ 2 ]to Davies, A N, Planning is theA processA of settingA ends, developingA schemes, and outliningA tasksA andA schedulesA to carry through the ends and it is a tool for counsel and facilitation for assorted countries like regeneration and development . Harmonizing[ 3 ]to Lewis Keeble, Planning is the art and scientific discipline of telling the usage of land and the character and siting of edifices and communicating paths so as to procure the maximal operable grade of economic system, convenience and beauty . Since the postwar planning system was put into topographic point in Britain, Major alterations have taken topographic point during this clip in society, the economic system, and the political scene some of which have been touched upon in this rapid overview. In these altering frames, town and state planning has grown into a series of different policy countries which gave different waies for the profession. As the profession underwent a figure of alterations, the development of assorted Acts of the Apostless, policies, models and counsel notes came into being. Harmonizing to Evans, B. , The British planning has emerged out from peculiar fortunes like economic, political and cultural as a signifier of land usage control which is different to the emerged systems in other states. The essay analyzes the critical adequateness of Royal Town Planning Institute`s ( RTPI ) Code of Conduct in other visible radiation of ethical concerns which are besides an of import concerns in be aftering actions/decisions. It begins with debut about RTPI`s Code of Conduct, distinguish between moralss, ethical issues and every bit good as between Codes of Conducts and Codes of Ethics. It so describes the statements between different writers about ethical quandary in the context of be aftering theory, altering function of professional contrivers due to facing of ethical issues/dilemmas and unfavorable judgment of the RTPI Code of Conduct in different ethical concerns like personal, societal and environmental etc because the engagement of political/personal concerns, societal reforms and environmental protection/concerns were added to the planning actions/decisions over the clip. So it s truly of import to analyse the Code of Conduct in their context. It concludes by looking over dif ferent ethical concerns critically to happen out the importance of Code of Conduct for future in the context of different ethical concerns. In the British Planning pattern system, The Royal Town Planning Institute ( RTPI ) is a dynamic administration taking the manner in the creative activity of topographic points that work now and in the hereafter[ 4 ] . The RTPI has its ain professional Code of Conduct as last amended on January 2007. The Professional Code of Conduct sets out that how the members of RTPI should act among their all the professional activities and moralss. It has besides numbered clauses which are more elaborate, explains the Code of Conduct. Ethical motives are defined[ 5 ]as the moral quality of an action or the rightness . It is of import to separate the moralss and ethical issues. Ethical motives are helpful to steer the contrivers in their day-to-day professional work agenda while ethical issues majorly focused upon the moral correct behaviours and affect conflicts/dilemmas about the right/wrong terminals and rules. Within the planning profession there are codifications of behavior ( RTPI, adopted 1994 ) and codifications of moralss. It is of import to distinguish these: a codification of moralss is comprised of airy statements sing the normative and ethical facets of the profession While a codification of behavior has certain guidelines/regulations for professional behaviour including struggle of involvement and professional competency ( Hendler 1991 ) . The moralss of competency, unity and equality are the chief aims in the intents of RTPI`s Code of Conduct among their all the professional activities and Code of Conduct is besides giving accent to personal, professional and political ethical models. Planing theory is besides depicting the ethical quandary of different sectors which are like environment, societal and economic etc. Harmonizing[ 6 ]to Campbell S A ; S. Fainstein S. , Planing theory in itself, is a slippery topic and accounts are frequently frustratingly pleonastic or disappointingly prosaic Consequently it appears as convergence with theory in all subjects of societal scientific disciplines and it s difficult to restrict the range of planning. Harmonizing to William L. , contrivers are torn between public, functioning professionals and fellow members. So this quandary is farther complicated by the extension of be aftering actions and struggles between the different sectors like environment, societal and economic development and these struggles creates jobs non merely in be aftering actions every bit good as in professionals and in the whole planning procedure. The altering function of contrivers over the clip is besides a one of ground for the addition in facing of profession by ethical issues. These alterations can be measured from two positions as Change in the planning profession itself over clip and alterations in the manner in which public and clients perceive planning professionals and their profession. Planners have seen in different function theoretical accounts over the clip and late they are seen to be more synergistic, interchanging cognition and thoughts with clients and a broad scope of other interested parties ( Healey 1991 ) . Now contriver is recognized as expertness, is more to cover with interchanging ideas/knowledge alternatively of bordering policies and study Hagiographas. Harmonizing to Prior ( 2000 ) , the current function of contriver is seems to be as a go-between between different involvements in land development and Forester ( 1989 ) besides gave examined planner`s current function as a facilitator who is helpin g others instead than a proficient expert. Thomas and Healey ( 1991 ) besides describe[ 7 ]planning as a multi-disciplinary field pulling on diverse Fieldss of cognition. Planners must be able to pull together these diverse Fieldss and co-ordinate bureaus with different cognition and duties. Every state has its ain organic structures ( Government/NGO`s ) for guaranting the equality among different groups in the society. The RTPI Code of Professional behavior under No.2, It mentions the equality and riddance of favoritism in the context of sex, faith, disablement, age and sexual orientation in all the professional activities among members As ; others. In the 1970s, to turn to the new inquiries and ends, an effort was done to broaden them by knocking the professional codification of behaviors by Howe, Kaufman and Marcuse. Harmonizing to them, as they were knocking the professional planning codifications from the UK, Canada A ; USA, some of the codifications in UK have no mentions to the moralss, and they are merely adverting some general footings related with moralss and in some, more accent on personal moralss of single contrivers. The RTPI Code of Conduct besides mentions that the members have to maintain their personal, private, political and fiscal involvements separate from their professional responsibilities so that they should execute their responsibility without any break and take steps/precautions clip by clip to maintain them separate from professional duties but harmonizing to Marcuse ( 1976 ) ,[ 8 ] In most instances, even the regulations for stating right from wrong are non clear. Duties to clients conflict with duties to the populace ; following professionally recognized criterions of behavior green goodss consequences repugnant to most laypersons ; professional unity and democratic determination doing seem to conflict ; the bounds of professional concern are hazy. Marcuse besides mentioned that the bing ethical and professional criterions are frequently inherently inconsistent, conflicting and contradictory with the profession`s public oriented image. So finally they are a weak usher to ethical behavior for practising contrivers. The struggle between the positions of elective members and the professional contrivers is besides another quandary. As elective members have different positions[ 9 ]compared to contrivers because members are typically interested in acquiring ballots which can resultant in different positions A ; precedences for a member. So an elective member may hold different precedences for developments in territory as like social/economic alternatively of environmental and ultimately it conflicts with the positions of contrivers because contrivers are responsible for the development of all the sectors and the prioritized issues but in RTPI Code of Conduct, it doesn`t have no mentions or guidelines for such issues/conflicts between elected members and professional contrivers. It s true that contrivers should move professionally but it is besides of import non to take the colored steps/planning actions under any force per unit areas of elective members or other force per unit area groups. Even Harmonizing[ 10 ]to Brewster R. , there are opportunities of struggles between the positions between elected members/representatives and the contrivers working in the local Government and it s important to guarantee the successful completion of be aftering actions . Harmonizing[ 11 ]to Friedman, It may be a biggest job in apprehension and theorizing of planning , in his paper on be aftering research and he mentioned the attack of be aftering research by promoting contriver research workers to place the existent state of affairss of metropolis political relations with planning to turn to the inquiry of power. From point of position of be aftering research and issues related with it, a really small treatment of ethical issues related to be aftering research has done compared to ethical issues associating to be aftering merely ( Hendler,1995 ) [ 12 ]. While in the unfavorable judgment of professional Codes of Conduct done by Howe and Kaufman, ( 1979 ) ; Marcuse, ( 1976 ) shows that there is no direct reference/link to be aftering research in these codifications, as these codifications are for the ordinance of be aftering profession but which is a different activity from research. So planning research is a portion of planning actions/decisions wh ich besides deals with the same ethical issues/dilemmas every bit good as to place assorted specific issues like related with power, political relations etc. Social Justice There are important displacements over the clip in ethical judgements which were informed by impressions in the context of societal and ethical concerns ( Watson, V. , 2006 ) . Harmonizing[ 13 ]to David Harvey, The societal justness is ideally based upon the rules of equal worth of all, shelter and other basic comfortss, chances for all and extinguishing the inequalities from society . The equal distribution among persons is a simple significance of societal justness ( Ernesto M. , 2008 ) . The issues of societal justness are a premier concern in the context of development, socio-economic facets. There are figure of illustrations of unfairness in the signifier of suppression, unequal chances, unfairness etc. Harmonizing to ( Okin, 1989 ) , Feminists have complained that the rules of justness do non use to the household, and therefore, can non procure equal justness for adult females and kids and he besides suggests about the gender neutrality of the original place which will guard against gender favoritism While Rawls notes that the rules of justness apply straight merely to structuring the basic societal establishments ; they do non use to structuring voluntary associations, including the household. The societal issues like equality and riddance of favoritism can be eliminated as mentioned by RTPI Code of Conduct and It will besides assist to keep the equal distribution of societal benefits and loads of the society at all the degrees of Government but the influence of the category and professional background of contrivers in bring forthing the cultural bias in their attitudes and attempts in the planning profession and addition in the societal group s consciousness and engagement can besides impact the professional moralss and be aftering actions in footings of personal behaviours and clip deadlines for applications. The communities and force per unit area groups are going more cognizant, demanding so the contrivers are confronting ethical issues which become more of import and increased. As a consequence, contrivers encouraged to interact with communities/groups but at some phases these involvements/interactions with communities creates force per unit area on the planning actions and every bit good as on planning professionals. The increased engagement of community groups was identified[ 14 ]by peculiar Councils as an increasing challenge confronting territory Councils in the planning actions in footings of making more ethical quandary for contrivers. Harmonizing to Marcuse`s ( 1976 ) unfavorable judgment of the inexplicit preservation of the ethical treatments and codifications of patterns which ignores the societal values and moralss while the single actions which can assist, remains in the procedure because of single concerns as due to their nature and concentrate on persons behaviors and neglects the conditions and supports which can assist towards ethical concerns. Even Harmonizing to Wachs ( 1985 ) , work on be aftering moralss has focused on the codifications and the single contrivers behavior is more alternatively of societal ethical concerns in the planning codifications of moralss. Healy ( 1991 ) besides identified[ 15 ]the differentiation between professional related pattern and scholarly pattern and different relationships between be aftering research and planning pattern. So she besides recognized that scholarly researches every bit good as planning research are non much in pattern. Environmental Justice Environmental Justice is a subset of societal justness concerned with the environmental effects ( Ernesto M. , 2008 ) . As like Social justness, contrivers are confronting the most of import alteration in all over the alterations is the environment. The importance of environment has been increased as it is confronted for figure of jobs and issues in recent clip. So now the authorities/agencies are besides concerned about environmental justness as like societal justness. As economic growing was the chief purpose of local governments and the professional contrivers but late and even since the Earth Summit in Rio in 1992, the environment and sustainable development have become major issues. This introduces a whole new field of idea to contrivers, viz. Environmental Ethical motives. Environmental moralss can be defined as that country of idea and moral discourse covering with our ethical responsibilities to, and comparative to, the natural environment ( Beatley 1994 ) . There are figure of statements on this point of position by contrivers and environmental bureaus in the visible radiation of the increasing importance of the environment and it has lead to an addition in the issues that contrivers must see which accordingly creates farther ethical issues. So like other ethical issues, environmental justness issues are besides of import concerns in the planning actions and how we can turn to all these ethical issues and what weight can be provided to environmental issues in be aftering actions, what issues are more of import. Presents in the urban signifiers, the effects or issues related to environmental jeopardies need more concern as like other developments. So to place the solutions for these sorts of issues and their prioritization in be aftering actions, there is no mention given in the RTPI Code of Conduct. Decision The RTPI Code of Conduct sets out the professional patterns and processs for the planning members to execute their professional responsibilities for the better and safe hereafter waies for society. The RTPI Code of Conduct is peculiarly merely oriented to the members of the planning profession which are working in the planning and development sector to guarantee that the determinations should be appropriate and transparent. As the planning professionals are ensured by Code of Conduct towards their professional services, it can assist to accomplish the better environment for them and society in the visible radiation of those ethical concerns but Kaufman and Marcuse reviewed the Codes which explains the deficiency of proper citing to moralss, but it gives merely a mention to general footings, They besides identified the struggles between the statements like `Loyalty to public and to the one`s patron. From Planing theory point of position, it is besides concerned about the different ethical issues between different concerns like environment, societal and economic etc. Harmonizing to assorted writers, it s difficult to specify the exact range and bounds of be aftering theory and planning in it and the function of contrivers is besides under such fortunes that the contrivers are confronted by ethical issues every bit good as by the field. So this quandary is farther complicated by the extension of be aftering actions and struggles between the different sectors and these struggles confronted by be aftering actions every bit good as in professionals and in the whole planning procedure. The RTPI Code of Conduct will assist to the planning professionals to put out unfastened, just and crystalline planning determinations based upon sound judgements and justified grounds and the Code of Conduct besides sets out farther Auxiliary ordinances and Bye Laws about the continuity of professional development, be aftering assistance etc can be helpful to immature planning professionals to face the ethical issues. From point of position of other ethical concerns, Social justness and Environmental justness are besides premier concerns in future planning actions/decisions. As the essay analyses the importance of societal and environmental concerns and why they are more concerned in present and future scenario`s so it becomes an of import portion of such ordinances or Code of Conduct to give accent towards these concerns. Furthermore, the addition in communities and bureaus awareness demands more outlooks from professional contrivers to set about these concerns every bit good. From point of position of Planning research there are no links to the planning research, as these codifications guides the profession which is wholly different activity from research. So we can non use the Code of Conduct straight to the planning research. However, The RTPI Code of Conduct guides the professional contrivers for or encourages the higher degree contrivers to back up and promote other contrivers to keeping the professional criterions and following the guidelines of Code of Conduct and to cover with the and discourse the ethical issues/dilemma so that they can be farther researched by professional contrivers. For Instance, if we think about the planning determinations and services without the set of patterns and processs given by RTPI`s Code of Conduct or other ordinances in be aftering field, it can make an un-planned and hit-or-miss state of affairs for the planning professional every bit good as for society. So at the last, for the better planning hereafters and right determinations, we need appropriate changes/developments in the planning system in the signifier of rules/regulations, such Code of Conducts, policies which can assist the professionals to accomplish aims of be aftering profession. As The RTPI Code of Conduct is helpful up to an extent for the planning profession to prosecute the contrivers with the set of processs and guidelines but in future there is a still demand of farther additions/modifications in it. So that it can cover bing and future coming spreads in it and can direct the planning professional for better tomorrows and turn to the other major ethical concerns like societal and environmental concerns.